Essay --

By the end of 18th century, with the industrialization of steel and glass, architecture began to take on a different role in the society. Architecture was no longer about building structures for an individual, but was about concerning with beauty, style, and aesthetics within the technology of space (Conway 8). The idea that building plus art equals architecture was no longer valid, as the equation undermined the true meaning of architecture. In Understanding Architecture, Hazel Conway states, â€Å"the allocation of living space is economically, socially, and culturally determined† (6), when discussing the purpose of architecture. This means that the surrounding environment of the building, also referred to as built space, is often intertwined with social relationships. Built space can be defined as the philosophical way of referring to architecture. To a certain extent, the architecture becomes about the philosophical investigation into built space, rather than establishing a single building. Through the examples of artists and architectures, such as Rachel Whiteread, Robert Smithson, Meis Van Der Rohe, and Gordon Matta-Clark, this paper will demonstrate how art pushes architecture into critical examination of built space. In doing so, it will be evident that artists and architecture define sculpture, object, prototype, installation, network, building, assemblage, and/or habitat differently. An artist who dealt with technologies of built space is Rachel Whiteread. The core concepts of Whiteread’s work includes, playing with negative space and scale, and focusing on line and form. In the piece called Judenplatz Holocaust Memorial a.k.a. Nameless Library, Whiteread uses sculpture to represent what is not there, the empty space. By... ...about recreating scale. When a person sees this piece from an airplane view or on a balcony, he or she will experience the massive quantity of the artificial nature that has been produced. However, when a person sees this piece from a ground level, the 14,000 translucent, white boxes just becomes a boring, everyday object. Depending on the location of the viewer’s presence, the piece symbolizes a different meaning. This piece is similar to the works of Tara Donavon, whose core concepts include playing with scale and working with multiplicity. She is known to use everyday household materials to create large-scale installations and sculptures. In the piece Styrofoam Cup Sculpture, Donavon glues countless amount of Styrofoam cups together to create a synthetic material that challenges the viewer’s to have second thoughts about the basic functions of everyday material. Essay -- By the end of 18th century, with the industrialization of steel and glass, architecture began to take on a different role in the society. Architecture was no longer about building structures for an individual, but was about concerning with beauty, style, and aesthetics within the technology of space (Conway 8). The idea that building plus art equals architecture was no longer valid, as the equation undermined the true meaning of architecture. In Understanding Architecture, Hazel Conway states, â€Å"the allocation of living space is economically, socially, and culturally determined† (6), when discussing the purpose of architecture. This means that the surrounding environment of the building, also referred to as built space, is often intertwined with social relationships. Built space can be defined as the philosophical way of referring to architecture. To a certain extent, the architecture becomes about the philosophical investigation into built space, rather than establishing a single building. Through the examples of artists and architectures, such as Rachel Whiteread, Robert Smithson, Meis Van Der Rohe, and Gordon Matta-Clark, this paper will demonstrate how art pushes architecture into critical examination of built space. In doing so, it will be evident that artists and architecture define sculpture, object, prototype, installation, network, building, assemblage, and/or habitat differently. An artist who dealt with technologies of built space is Rachel Whiteread. The core concepts of Whiteread’s work includes, playing with negative space and scale, and focusing on line and form. In the piece called Judenplatz Holocaust Memorial a.k.a. Nameless Library, Whiteread uses sculpture to represent what is not there, the empty space. By... ...about recreating scale. When a person sees this piece from an airplane view or on a balcony, he or she will experience the massive quantity of the artificial nature that has been produced. However, when a person sees this piece from a ground level, the 14,000 translucent, white boxes just becomes a boring, everyday object. Depending on the location of the viewer’s presence, the piece symbolizes a different meaning. This piece is similar to the works of Tara Donavon, whose core concepts include playing with scale and working with multiplicity. She is known to use everyday household materials to create large-scale installations and sculptures. In the piece Styrofoam Cup Sculpture, Donavon glues countless amount of Styrofoam cups together to create a synthetic material that challenges the viewer’s to have second thoughts about the basic functions of everyday material.

Succubus Blues CHAPTER 17

I woke to the sound of Aubrey purring in my ear. Sensing my consciousness, she moved closer and licked the part of my cheek near my earlobe, her whiskers gently rubbing against my skin. It tickled. Squirming slightly, I opened my eyes. To my astonishment, light, color, and shapes came through to me – albeit in a blurred, distorted manner. â€Å"I can see,† I muttered to Aubrey, trying to sit up. Immediately, myriad aches and pains screamed all over my body, making the motion difficult. I lay stretched out on my couch, an old afghan tossed over me. â€Å"Of course you can see,† Jerome's cold voice informed me. Aubrey fled. â€Å"Though it'd serve you right if you couldn't. What were you thinking, looking at an angel in full form?† â€Å"I wasn't,† I told him, squinting at his dark-clad shape pacing in front of me. â€Å"Thinking, that was.† â€Å"Obviously.† â€Å"Lay off,† came Carter's laconic voice from somewhere behind me. Straightening up and peering around, I made out his fuzzy form leaning against a wall. Peter, Cody, and Hugh also stood nearby in the room. It was a regular, dysfunctional family reunion. I couldn't help but laugh. â€Å"And you were there, and you were there†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Cody sat down beside me, his features materializing into sharp focus as he leaned in to study my face closer. Gently, he ran a finger along one of my cheekbones, frowning. â€Å"What happened?† I sobered up. â€Å"Is it that bad?† â€Å"No,† he lied. â€Å"Hugh was worse.† The imp made a nondistinct noise across the room. â€Å"I already know what happened,† snapped Jerome. I didn't need to see the demon's face in detail to know he was glaring at me. â€Å"What I don't understand is why it happened. Did you actually try to come up with the most dangerous situation possible? ‘Hmm, let's see†¦ dark alley, no one around†¦ ‘ That sort of thing?† â€Å"No,† I shot back. â€Å"I wasn't thinking of that. I wasn't thinking of anything except getting home.† I related the evening's events to the best of my ability, beginning with the footsteps, ending with Carter. When I'd finished, Hugh sat down in an armchair across from me, pensive. â€Å"Pauses, huh?† â€Å"What?† â€Å"The way you tell what happened†¦ you got hit, pause, then another one, pause, then another one. Right?† â€Å"Yeah, so? I don't know. Isn't that how fights work? Punch, draw back, get ready for another? Besides, we're talking about breaks of, like, a second or so. Not real breathing time.† â€Å"There was nothing like that for me. I had slashing too. It was an onslaught. A stream of blows, continuously. It defied understanding or ability. Definitely supernatural.† â€Å"Well, so was this,† I countered. â€Å"Believe me, I couldn't fight against it. It wasn't some mortal mugging, if that's what you're suggesting.† Hugh simply shrugged. Silence fell, and I gave the imp a sidelong glance to the best of my limited vision's ability. â€Å"They're looking meaningfully at each other, aren't they?† â€Å"Who?† â€Å"Carter and Jerome. I can feel it.† I turned to Carter, suddenly wondering if my trip last night had been for naught. â€Å"I don't suppose you salvaged the shopping bag I had on me?† Walking over to my kitchen counter, the angel produced a bag and tossed it to me. My depth perception still off, I missed, and the bag bounced off the couch onto the floor. The book slipped out. Jerome snatched it up in an instant and read the title. â€Å"Fuck me, Georgie. Is this why you were out skulking in dark corners? This is what you nearly got killed for? I told you to lay off the vampire hunter investigating – â€Å" â€Å"Oh come on,† cried Cody, jumping up in my defense. â€Å"None of us believe that anymore. We know there's an angel doing this – â€Å" â€Å"An angel?† I heard heavy amusement and even a scoff in the demon's words. â€Å"No mortal did that to me,† I agreed hotly. â€Å"Or to Hugh. Or to Lucinda. Or to Duane. It was a nephilim.† â€Å"A nephi -what?† asked Hugh, startled. â€Å"Isn't that a character on Sesame Street?† Peter spoke up for the first time. Jerome stared silently at me for a moment, then finally demanded, â€Å"Who told you about that?† Not waiting for an answer, he turned toward the angel. â€Å"You know you're not supposed to – â€Å" â€Å"It wasn't me,† retorted Carter mildly. â€Å"I'm guessing she figured it out on her own. You don't put enough faith in your own people.† â€Å"I did find out on my own, though I had help.† I briefly detailed my string of leads, how one had led to another, from Erik to the book at Krystal Starz. â€Å"Shit,† muttered Jerome, after listening to my spiel. â€Å"Fucking Nancy Drew.† â€Å"Okay,† said Peter, â€Å"compelling chase or no, you still haven't told us what a nephilopogus is.† † Nephilim,† I corrected. Hesitantly, I looked at Jerome. â€Å"Can I?† â€Å"You're asking me for permission? How quaint.† Taking that as acquiescence, I began uncertainly, † Nephilimare the offspring of angels and humans. Like in that passage in Genesis. Where the angels fell and took human wives? Nephilim are the result. They have certain abilities†¦ I don't know all of them†¦ strength and power†¦ like Greek heroes†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Or like major nuisances,† added Jerome bitterly. â€Å"Don't forget that.† â€Å"How so?† Hugh asked. I continued when Jerome didn't. â€Å"Well†¦ what I read said they used to cause strife and slaughter among humans.† â€Å"Yeah, but this one's not going after humans,† pointed out Peter. Carter shrugged. â€Å"They're unpredictable. They don't play by anyone's rules, and honestly, we're not really sure what this one's intentions are. It's playing a game, that's for sure, what with its attacks on random immortals and that note it sent Georgina.† â€Å"Two notes,† I corrected. â€Å"I got another one just before Lucinda died, but I was with Seth all night and didn't read it until the next day.† Hugh and the vampires turned to stare at me. â€Å"You were with Seth all night?† asked Cody, astonished. â€Å"Which one's he again?† Hugh asked. â€Å"The writer,† provided Peter. The imp regarded me with new interest. â€Å"What'd you do ‘all night' then?† â€Å"Can we not discuss Georgina's love life right now, fascinating though it may be?† Jerome gave me a speculative look. â€Å"Unless, of course, this Seth person is someone of strong moral character and principle whose life energy you plan on stealing soon in support of the greater cause of evil and its goals.† â€Å"Right on the first, not on the rest.† â€Å"Damn it. I need a drink.† â€Å"Help yourself.† Jerome wandered over to my liquor cabinet and sifted through its contents. â€Å"So how can we spot this nephilim ?† asked Cody, getting us back on track. I glanced uncertainly at Carter and Jerome. I didn't know any of the technicalities. â€Å"You can't,† the angel announced cheerfully. â€Å"They can hide their signature too, then. Like higher immortals. â€Å" He nodded back at me. â€Å"Yes, they have the worst characteristics of both their parents. Ample power and pseudo-angelic abilities, mixed with rebelliousness, a love of the physical world, and poor impulse control.† â€Å"How much power?† I wanted to know. â€Å"They're half-human, right? So half the power?† â€Å"That's the clincher.† Jerome looked much more cheerful with a glass of gin in hand. â€Å"It varies wildly, just as each angel has a different level of power. One thing is clear: Nephilim inherit a lot more than half their parent's power, though they can never exceed it. It's still plenty – which is why I've been trying to knock sense into all of you to stay clear. A nephilim could easily blow one of you out of the water.† â€Å"But not one of you.† Peter spoke the words more as a statement than a question, despite the uncertain note lacing his voice. Neither angel nor demon responded, and another piece clicked into place for me. â€Å"That's why you guys are going around with your signatures masked. You're hiding from it too.† â€Å"We're merely taking appropriate precautions,† Jerome protested. â€Å"It ran from you,† I reminded Carter. â€Å"You must have been stronger than it.† â€Å"Probably,† he agreed. â€Å"I was more concerned with you, so I didn't get a good sense. An angel in full form will freak most beings out – it'll kill a mortal – so I could have been stronger than it or not. Hard to say.† I didn't like that answer, not at all. â€Å"What were you doing there anyway?† The angel's trademark sarcastic smile appeared. â€Å"What do you think? I was following you around.† I started. â€Å"What? Then I was right†¦ that day at Erik's†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Afraid so.† â€Å"My God,† said Peter, amazed. â€Å"You really were on to something, Georgina. At least about him stalking you.† I felt semivindicated, even if Carter obviously didn't seem to be the culprit anymore. Hugh had been right in accusing me of bias. I had really wanted Carter to be the responsible party for all these attacks, as a sort of payback for all the times he'd mocked me. His timely intervention in the alley only muddled my opinion of him now. Carter explained, â€Å"After realizing that first note was probably from this nephilim, I thought it'd be prudent to pop in once in a while since our friend here seems to have an especial interest in you. My intention was to catch him or her off-guard, not to help you, though I'm happy to have been able to. Plus, that day at Erik's†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He looked over at Jerome. The demon threw his arms in the air. â€Å"Sure? Why not? Tell them. Tell them everything. They already know too much.† â€Å"Erik?† I prompted. â€Å"This thing, this nephilim†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Carter paused thoughtfully. â€Å"This being knows a surprising amount about us and about the immortal community.† â€Å"Well†¦ it's like you said, right?† asked Peter. â€Å"This nephilim would find one of us and follow him or her around.† â€Å"No. I mean, yes, that's possible, but evidence indicates this one knows much more than simple surveillance might give it†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"For Chrissake,† Jerome snapped, â€Å"if you're going to tell them, tell them. Stop speaking in riddles.† The demon turned to us. â€Å"He's saying this nephilim is working with a leak. Someone's feeding it information about the immortal community here.† Cody caught the insinuation just as I did. â€Å"You think Erik's doing it.† â€Å"He's the strongest suspect,† admitted Carter apologetically. â€Å"He's been here for decades, and he has the talent to sense immortals.† â€Å"And to think, he spoke so well of you,† I murmured, feeling aghast. â€Å"Well, you're wrong. It's not him. Not Erik.† â€Å"Don't get huffy about it now, Georgie. He's not our only lead, just the most likely.† â€Å"And I don't like it any more than you,† the angel added. â€Å"But we can't dismiss any possibilities. We need to neutralize this nephilim threat soon. It's out of hand; we'll get outside involvement before long, and that's always a pain.† â€Å"Then why aren't you letting us help you?† I cried. â€Å"Why all the secrecy?† â€Å"Are you deaf? It's for your own protection. This thing could blast you to Armageddon!† Jerome downed the rest of his gin in a flurry. I didn't buy it. There was more than just our safety at stake here. Jerome still hadn't come clean. â€Å"Yes, but – â€Å" â€Å"The committee meeting is over,† he interrupted me icily. â€Å"Would the rest of you excuse Georgina and me?† Oh shit. I looked desperately at my friends, hoping they might stay and defend me, but they all scurried out. Cowards, I thought. None of them would cross Jerome when he spoke like that. Okay, I wouldn't have either in their shoes. Carter, I noticed, did not leave. The directive apparently did not apply to him. â€Å"Georgie,† began Jerome carefully, once the others were gone, â€Å"you and I seem to be facing off more often than not lately. I don't like it.† â€Å"It's not exactly facing off,† I noted, squirming uneasily, recalling his display of power at the hospital and threat to â€Å"stash† me somewhere. â€Å"We're just having differences of opinion lately.† â€Å"Differences that can get you killed.† â€Å"Jerome, this can't possibly just be about – â€Å" â€Å"No more.† A wall of power slammed into me, throwing me back against the couch. It was like one of those carnival rides where people stand along the sides of a round room that spins faster and faster until inertia pins everyone's limbs to the walls. Moving became agony. Even breathing was a struggle. I felt like Atlas, bearing the brunt of the world's weight. Jerome's voice boomed inside my head, and some brave part of me cursed his parlor tricks, even as the rest of me recoiled. I need you to listen to me for once without constantly interrupting. You cannot keep poking around here. Doing so calls attention to yourself, and you already have a lot more of it on you from this nephilim than I would like. I neither need nor want a new succubus. I've grown accustomed to you, Georgina. I do not want to lose you. I am more lenient with you than I should be, however. You get away with things no other archdemon would allow. I haven't minded indulging you thus far, but things can change – especially if you continue to be insubordinate. I can have you transferred somewhere else, away from this cozy delusion of a human life you've established. Or I can call Lilithin and report your behavior to her directly. I'm sure she'd he happy to do a little retraining with you. My heart stopped at the mention of the Succubus Queen. I had met her only once, when I first joined the ranks. That encounter, rather like seeing Carter in all his angelic glory, was not an experience I wanted to repeat anytime soon. Do you understand? â€Å"Y-yes.† Are you sure? The pressure increased, and it was all I could do to manage a weak nod. The psychic cage abruptly dropped, and I slumped forward, taking in deep breaths. I could still feel where his power had touched me, rather like a tactile version of the afterimage one sees with a camera flash. â€Å"I'm glad you understand, and I'm sure you'll also understand if I don't entirely believe you. It's part of the nature of our side.† â€Å"Is this†¦ is this the part where you stash me somewhere?† He chuckled softly. Menacingly. â€Å"No. Not yet at least. Frankly, I think you just need a little supervision to stay out of trouble. I'm also not entirely convinced you and the nephilim merely have a passing relationship.† A retort was on my lips, but I bit it off, my skin still burning. â€Å"I'd have one of your friends do it, but I don't doubt you could wrap any of them around your smallest finger. No, you need babysitting by someone who won't bend, who won't fall for your tricks.† â€Å"Tricks? Who then?† For a minute, I half thought he referred to himself until I noticed Carter's smug smile. Oh man. â€Å"You can't be serious.† â€Å"It'll ensure you toe the line, Georgie. What's more, it will keep you alive.† â€Å"You're practically our best lead at the moment,† Carter explained. â€Å"This nephilim has some interest in you, even though that interest seems to have shifted a bit from note-passing to assault.† â€Å"Carter will be ready if it tries to finish what he interrupted. He can also shield your apartment from prying eyes.† â€Å"But it'll sense him when we go out – † I tried weakly. â€Å"No more than you can now,† Carter reminded me. â€Å"And I'll be invisible. A ghost at your side. An angel on your shoulder, if you will. You won't even know I'm around.† â€Å"Jerome, please, you can't do this – â€Å" â€Å"I can, and I will. Unless, like I said, you want me to have a chat with Lilith ?† Damn him. The threat of Lilith was stronger than any potential stashing, and he knew it. â€Å"Good. If there's no further discussion then, I'll take my leave and let you two get situated.† Jerome glanced between us, dark eyes resting on me a moment. â€Å"Oh, by the way. Do check yourself out in a mirror at some point.† I scowled, thinking of Cody's scrutiny of my injuries. â€Å"Thanks for reminding me.† â€Å"What I'm reminding you of is that you're a succubus. Those bruises are a manifestation of believing you're human. You are not. You have to feel them, but you don't have to wear them.† With that, the demon vanished in an eye blink, leaving a faint smell of brimstone in his wake that I suspected was pure showmanship. â€Å"So, do I get the couch?† Carter asked me cheerfully. â€Å"Go to hell.† I left the room to go check out my reflection. â€Å"Hardly a nice way to treat your new roommate.† â€Å"I didn't ask for your – â€Å" I stopped halfway down the hallway. I'd spent the last couple of weeks suspecting Carter of murder and other terrible things; I'd spent the last half-century hating him as a person. Yet he'd just saved my life, and I hadn't uttered one word of thanks. I turned toward him, dreading what I now had to say. â€Å"I'm sorry.† He wore a look similar to the one Jerome had had when I asked his permission earlier. â€Å"Really? For just now?† â€Å"For not thanking you earlier. For saving me out there. I mean, I'm not happy about you shacking up here, but I am grateful for what you did then. And I'm sorry, too, if I haven't exactly been†¦ nice to you.† The angel's expression was unreadable. â€Å"Glad to have helped.† Not knowing what else to say, I turned and kept walking. â€Å"What are you going to do now?† he asked. I paused again. â€Å"Look at the damage and then go to bed. I'm tired. And I hurt.† â€Å"Aw, no slumber party games or popcorn? No makeovers?† â€Å"Don't take this personally, but you could use a makeover. You look like a refugee. Why†¦Ã¢â‚¬  I swallowed and rephrased my words as I studied him. â€Å"When I saw you out there, on the street, you were†¦ you were so beautiful. The most beautiful thing I've ever seen.† My voice came out as a whisper. Carter's face turned grave. â€Å"Jerome's the same way, you know. In his true form. Just as beautiful. Angels and demons come from the same stock. He chooses that John Cusack wannabe shape by choice.† â€Å"Why? Why does he do that? And why do you choose to look like a junkie or a bum?† The edges of the angel's lips turned slightly upward. â€Å"Why does a woman who claims she wants to avoid the attention of nice men choose a form that makes everyone around her do a double take and stare?† I swallowed again, lost in the far reaches of his eyes, but not in the same way I had been lost in Roman's or Seth's eyes. It was more like the angel could see all the way through me, through all of my facades, down to my soul or what remained of it. With great effort, I broke that scrutiny, turning back toward my bedroom. â€Å"No one is punished forever,† he told me gently. â€Å"Yeah? That's not what I hear. Good night.† I went into my bedroom, closing my door behind me. Just before it clicked, I heard Carter call, â€Å"So, who's making breakfast?†

Should School Uniforms Be Mandatory - 918 Words

Should schools have the right to make uniforms mandatory for their students? Some people don’t think so and they argue against the civil liberties that such a mandate would violate. While the opposing opposition thinks that school uniforms belong in the school system, in order to help reduce some of the issues students may face because of their clothes. Although school uniforms for students may have many negative effects, school uniforms may help with reducing the amount of distractions, therefore students will have a better focus while at school. There are several causes of concern that oppose the integration of uniforms in the public school system should be allowed in the first place. First and foremost some argue that the mandatory of school uniforms infringe and violates their first amendment rights. They claim that requiring them to wear particular clothing deprives them of the ability to freely express themselves through their choice of dress. According to the ACLU they labeled the mandatory of school uniform policy as a non constructive policy, since they re of view it as a temporally fix to a set of serious issues that require more than a uniform policy. Another point made by this group is the fact that the cost of school uniforms will place an added financial burden on families. For example the families are required to buy uniforms on top of their additional wardrobe outside of school. They also point out that uniforms will be ineffective of breaking theShow MoreRelatedMandatory School Uniforms Should Be Mandatory849 Words   |  4 PagesMandatory School Uniforms â€Å"Give me liberty or give me death!’’ The infamous words of Patrick Henry are the first to come to mind when one contemplates the fiery debate of whether uniforms should be mandated in schools. According to the New World Encyclopedia 2010, â€Å"freedom of speech is the right to communicate one’s opinion and ideas without the fear of government retaliation or censorship.† Thus, the main argument against mandatory uniforms in schools is that they equate to government censorshipRead MoreShould School Uniforms Be Mandatory?1280 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout my time in school I was consistently filled with anxiety over looking my best, and I am sure many other people (girls especially) felt this from middle school through high school. The solution is uniforms! In schools where uniforms are not mandatory, the stress of â€Å"keeping up with the Jones† can create a lot of differences and struggles for students. Having mandatory uniforms in schoo ls would create a safer and more welcoming environment for students, limit their stress, and lets themRead MoreSchool Uniforms Should Not Be Mandatory847 Words   |  4 PagesSchool systems have debated for years if they should make school uniforms mandatory for all students. Some parents do not want school systems to mandate uniforms due to pressure from their children to be able to maintain their individuality through clothing, while other parents prefer uniforms to reduce spending money on name brand school clothes and to minimize associations with gangs. More school systems across the United States of America are going to uniforms from grades one through twelve whereRead MoreShould School Uniforms Be Mandatory?1561 Words   |  7 PagesSecondary Schools should be Required to Wear Uniforms No matter what you dress students in, they will always find a way to pass judgement upon their peers, but it how to get children to realize it’s whats on the inside that matters not the outside. Yes, I believe it starts with the parents, but also it’s schools that need to teach the children as well. It s not based upon the style of clothes worn there are many other superficial ways to judge people and form cliques. School uniforms are one stepRead MoreShould School Uniforms Be Mandatory?1381 Words   |  6 PagesStudents in Secondary Schools should be Required to Wear Uniforms No matter what you dress students in, they will always find a way to pass judgement upon their peers. If it s not based upon the style of clothes worn there are many other superficial ways to judge people and form cliques. School uniforms are one step that may help break the cycle of violence, truancy and disorder by helping young students understand what really counts is what kind of people they are, Clinton said (Bowen). ProponentsRead MoreSchool Uniforms Should Be Mandatory928 Words   |  4 Pages School Uniforms should be required in school to help eliminate the amount of bulling, help increase unity, and lower the cost. In fact â€Å"many schools have adopted school uniform policies as a solution to these problems(Forster 2). During the time I was in school I always thought uniforms would be terrible. I thought I will not be able to express my style, and the day would just be boring. Now that I have graduated I believe uniforms would be a great thing to have, and be enforced in schools. WhenRead MoreShould School Uniforms be Mandatory? Essay1090 Words   |  5 Pagesopinion of whether schools should require students to wear uniforms. Some schools go through the same argument annually of whether to enforce school uniforms the following school year. A number of people argue that uniforms take away from the students’ individuality, while other people concur that uniforms generate unity within the school. Even though many people disagree with school uniforms, countless reasons are evident that uniforms should be mandatory. School uniforms provide schools with many positiveRead MoreWhy School Uniforms Should Be Mandatory886 Words   |  4 PagesFocus on Education Insanity, doing the same thing over and over again, and expecting a different result. Evenings spent laying out school clothes for grandchildren quickly teaches us just how insane the current expectations for school dress can be each day. Individuals will face this problem on a daily basis, which can lead to a stressful task. Mandatory school uniforms can benefit each family member in numinous ways. Lifting financial burdens for parents and the constant peer comparison for childrenRead MoreWhy School Uniforms Should Be Mandatory952 Words   |  4 PagesInsanity, doing the same thing over and over again, and expecting a different result. Evenings spent laying out school clothes for grandchildren quickly teaches us just how insane the current expectations for school dress can be each day. Individuals will face this problem on a daily basis, which can lead to a stressful task. Mandatory school uniforms can benefit each family member in numinous ways. Lifting financial burdens for parents and the constant peer comparison for children. It alsoRead MoreWhy School Uniforms Should Be Mandatory871 Words   |  4 Pageslaying out school clothes for grandchildren quickly teaches just how insane the current expectations for school dress can be each day. Individuals face this problem on a daily basis, which can be a stressful task. Mandatory school uniforms can benefit each family member in numinous ways. Financial burdens for parents and constant peer comparison for children. It also allows students of differing backgrounds to be brought together to express themselves equally. One can clearly see that school uniforms

Mental Illness And Its Effects On People With Severe...

There have been considerable interests in Australia and internationally since the mid-nineteenth century on the risks of people with severe mental illnesses committing violent crimes. While is has been acknowledged that not all types mental illnesses cause violent behavior, it is however an instigator for some individuals (Vogel, 2014). Dr. John Gray in 1857 was the first to suggest that serious mental illnesses are associated with homicide or attempted homicide. According to Vogel (2014) a development in mental illness has a risk in the increase of antisocial behavior. In this essay, the types of mental illnesses associated with risks of committing violent crimes will be explored, with significant focus on the empirical research that has†¦show more content†¦Legal systems don’t generally have a specific definition on mental illness but they rather follow the definition developed/explained by psychological institutions and psychiatrists (Peck Scheffler, 2002). Mental illness has a variety of forms, however, not all are associated with violent offending. It is rather severe mental illnesses in isolated individuals that lead to such offences (Vogel, 2014). One of the predominant forms of severe mental illness at risk with violent offending is Schizophrenia (Fleischman et al., 2014). This form of mental illness is fundamentally based on the breakdown of thought, emotion and behavior whereby reality is perceived falsely, leading to inappropriate actions and feelings, delusions, withdrawal from reality, and a sense of mental fragmentation. It can be increased through a variety of biological and psychosocial factors (Mueser McGruk, 2004). Violence in schizophrenic patients is largely prompted and administered the psychotic symptoms and delusions, â€Å"invoking the principle of ‘rationality within irrationality’† (Matthias Angermeyer, 2000). Thus, individuals are

Sports Management Sport Management - 816 Words

Sport management Did you know that there is more to sports teams than just scoring goals, touchdowns and runs? Sport management is a field concerning the business and education part of sports and recreation. It includes the front office system in professional sports, college sports, and recreation. Some examples of sport managers are: recreational sport managers, sport marketing, event management, facility management, sport economics, sport finance and sport information. Sport management can be seen as an easy job, but in reality it is complex and challenging. Sport management isn’t so easy. A sport manager has to have great communication skills in order to talk to players, coaches, students and other business professionals.They also have to have marketing skills to sell tickets to sporting events. Sport managers have to learn how to manage their budgets within their facility or team. Sport managers also need to have a passion for sports before they go into this job. They may have to start out at the bottom selling tickets and marketing the team, then build their way up. Eventually they can take jobs that are more demanding, and hopefully move to jobs that will result in a nice future. If you choose to pursue a career in sport management, you will need to be communication savvy with kids and community members to help gain their trust. This would include using social media such as twitter, facebook, instagram and snapchat. Sport managers have a tough job, and itShow MoreRelatedThe Evolution Of Sport Management1486 Words   |  6 PagesThe evolution of sport management Comparatively, the field of sport management is a rather new academic discipline (Chalip, 2006), which has faced some challenges in terms of justifying its importance in the academic world. Nonetheless, Chalip (2006) believes it was an unavoidable course for the evolution of sport management. 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Explaining Gender Gap In Math Test Scores -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Explaining Gender Gap In Math Test Scores? Answer: Introduction Human Resource Management or HRM is defined as policies, system, and practices that are implemented in an organisation to influence its employees attitude, behaviour and performance. Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM) is referred as strategically planned HR arrangements and practices that focus on enabling the organisation to achieve its goals (Truss, Mankin Kelliher, 2012). In recent years, HR department performs more actions than just managing staffs and their salaries. They implement policies for managing diversity in the organisation and motivating employees to perform better which result in achievement of organisational objectives (Shen, Chanda, Dnetto Monga, 2009). This report will focus on the issue of gender equality face by HR department and discusses whether HR is doing enough to address this issue by analysing the news story posted by Human Resources Director. The number of female employees is growing in modern corporations, but the pace is considerably slow. Wom en also face the issue of unequal pay because they receive less pay for similar work than compare to male workers. This report will evaluate the issue of gender inequality and how it has influence women worldwide. The report will focus on analysing the role of SHRM in addressing the issue of gender inequality and unequal pay face by female workers worldwide. Further, various recommendations will be given that can assist HR managers in addressing this issue. Thesis Statement The awareness about gender inequality and unequal pay issues is growing between corporations and HR departments are implement SHRM policies to address these issues, but the pace is considerably slow and strategic policies are needed for addressing these issues. Examining the Issue of Gender Inequality Gender inequality in companies is defined as unequal and discriminatory behaviour against female employees wholly or partly based on their gender. Most of the women worldwide face the issue of gender inequality because of common misconceptions that female employees cannot perform as equal as male workers. The Global Gender Gap Report 2017 given by World Economic Forum provided that there is still a gender gap of 32 percent in 144 countries (World Economic Forum, 2017). Many national and international initiatives have been started by governments in different nations to tackle this issue, but they have failed to address it completely. Most of the senior, leading positions are held by male employees because HR department did not promote women employees to top-level positions. In Australia, the federal government has implemented Workplace Gender Equality Act 2012 to address the issue of gender inequality in the country (Cardillo, 2013). The HR department of Australian corporations is nec essary to follow the policies of equality act to ensure that they did not discriminate between employees based on gender (Parcheta, Kaifi Khanfar, 2013). The government has established Workplace Gender Equality Agency (WGEA) that perform the activities of collecting data from industries and formulating appropriate policies for addressing the issue of gender inequality in Australia. The news story posted by Human Resources Director provided that the awareness about gender inequality is growing between companies and HR departments are formulating policies for removing gender discrimination and promoting women at top-level positions (Hilton, 2017). But, the speed of change is considerably slow. For example, around 24 percent of global leading positions are held by women in 2016, and this number has raised just 3 percent since 2011 (Catalyst, 2017). The slow pace of development proves that there is still a significant requirement of HR policies that promote females to top-level senior positions. Women across the globe are facing the issue of gender pay gap; in Australian, the gender pay gap is 15.3 percent (Livsey, 2017). The gender pay g ap provides that women employees receive less salary for similar work than compare to male workers. Analysing the Impact of Gender Inequality and Role of HR Department In todays competitive business world, corporations focus on effectively managing and retaining their staff members to gain a competitive advantage over others. The HR department focuses on effectively managing diversity in the organisations by maintaining positive employee relationships. The HR department ensures that employees with different cultural backgrounds, race, religion or gender are not discriminated, and they receive equal remuneration and benefits for their work (Cook Glass, 2014). Equal Employment Opportunity (EOO) means employees should be given raise and promotions based on their performance and HR executives should not discriminate between workers based on their race, caste, religion, and gender (Morand Merriman, 2012). Lack of discrimination creates a positive working environment which motivates employees to increase their performance. As per the Equity Theory given by John Stacey Adams, the motivation of employees directly correlates with their perception of justi ce and fair treatment by the top-level management (Skiba Rosenberg, 2011). The employees are motivated by the balance between the work that they put and the compensation that they receive. The lack of female leaders in modern companies provides that the issue of gender discrimination has not been resolved (Milner Gregory, 2014). HR department failed to implement effective SHRM policies that result in increasing the issues faced by women in the workplace. For example, female employees face the issue of sexual harassment, unsafe workplace and racist environment in the office causing them to leaving their job. HR department has to deal with a high number of female employees turnover if they failed to establish a positive working environment (Grove, Hussey Jetter, 2011). Lack of female employees retention increases the cost of recruitment for corporations. The performance of female employees also reduces because they have to deal with workplace issues. Many international enterprises implement policies for reducing gender inequality between male and female workers which assist them in maintaining a competitive advantage (Niederle Vesterlund, 2010). For example, Harley-Davidson Incorporation focuses on promoting female workers; therefore, 25 percent of their workforce includes women (Barrett, 2015). The HR depar tment of Harley-Davidson provides equal growth opportunities to female workers which result in reducing their employee attrition rate and establishing a positive working environment. The HR department is responsible for improving employees productivity and performance, but due to lack of SHRM policies and gender discrimination, HR executives find it difficult to manage female workers performance. HR department can implement appropriate SHRM policies after analysing the working conditions of female workers that encourage women to improve their productive performance. Current Situation As per the News report of Human Resources Director, more than 11,000 employers and four million employees in Australia are showing great awareness regarding gender equality issues (Hilton, 2017). But the pace of change in considerably slow since Australia has a gender pay gap of 15.3 percent (Livsey, 2017). Many experts believe that female employees are facing gender inequality and pay gap issue due to lack of female leaders. Daily Mail posted a News story on women leaders which proved that there is considerably less female in top-level positions (Greenaway, 2015). HR department avoids promoting female employees to senior level positions because of the common misconception that women cannot lead. The HR departments in organisations have failed to formulate new regulations and policies regarding gender inequality issues which increase the challenges for women in the workplace. In the technology industry, more than 90 percent of female employees have witness sexist behaviour in the cor porations (OConnor, 2016). To address these issues, many leading organisations including Apple, Google and Salesforce have implemented SHRM policies for removing gender inequality and promoting female employees are top-level positions. HM is a global leading fashion retailing chain which has more than 49.8 percent of female board members and executives (Peters, 2016). There are a large number of leading companies that has failed to address gender inequality and pay gap issue. For example, in Toyota, the number of female board members is 6 percent, and they did not have any women in executive leadership positions. Samsung is another example of a global leading firm with zero percent women in board members and executive leadership positions (Peters, 2016). Lack of leading female representatives increases the issue faced by women worldwide. A study posted by Independent in January 2018 provided that there is 80 percent of gender pay gap in 527 leading companies in the UK (Mortimer, 2018). BBC is another leading organisation which has reported gender pay gap in their organisation. In June 2017, some high-profile female stars of BBC called on the organisation for addressing the gender pay gap. BBC has implemented SHRM policies to address this issue, and it has committed to assigning 50 percent of its senior level managerial roles to women by 2020 (BBC, 2017). These corporations prove that women around the world are suffering from gender inequality and pay gap issues and the initiative taken by HR are not enough to address these issues. Recommendations for HR Executives Following are various recommendations and suggestions for HR department in corporations that can assist them in addressing the issue of gender inequality and pay gap and improving their female workers performance. HR department should implement strict policies for the safety of female workers to address workplace issues such as racist behaviour, sexual harassment, discrimination and unsafe workplace. Positive working environment will increase the number of female workers in corporations, and it will also improve their performance. HR department should implement policies for motivating female workers by proving them rewards for better performance. Rewards can encourage female employees to improve their productivity, and it will also reduce discrimination against them. Male and female workers should receive equal pay for equal works since it will reduce discrimination and improve their performance (Ettl Welter, 2010). The corporations should implement effective Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) structure to address the issue of gender inequality and pay gap. The companies should provide annual reports of CSR which include the information about initiatives taken by HR to improve diversity and reduce discrimination in the enterprise (Garay Font, 2012). Annual report will assist in reducing gender discrimination and increase gender equality in firms. The corporations should increase the number of female members in the board of directors and managerial executives. HR department can implement a number of learning and development initiatives for female workers that will improve their capabilities and makes it easier for HR department to promote them on to the senior managerial position. Conclusion In conclusion, women worldwide are facing the issue of gender inequality and pay gap. The awareness about this issue is increasing between modern enterprises, and they are taking initiatives to address this issue, but the pace of change is considerably slow. The lack of female in senior positions and high number of gender pay gap increases the issue faced by female workers. Due to lack of effective HR policies, female workers face various issues in organisations which reduce their performance such as sexual harassment, racist behaviour, unsafe working environment and discrimination in promotion to senior positions. The HR department can implement various SHRM policies to address these issues such as implementing programs for learning and development of female workers, strict policies against discrimination, annual CSR reports, and motivation and reward initiative for encouraging female workers. These policies can assist corporations in addressing the issue of gender inequality and pa y gap which will result in sustaining future growth of enterprises. References Barrett, R. (2015). Harley courts women and young riders. Retrieved from https://archive.jsonline.com/business/harley-courts-women-and-young-riders-b99431331z1-289674181.html/ Catalyst. (2017). Women in Management. Retrieved from https://www.catalyst.org/knowledge/women-management Cook, A., Glass, C. (2014). Above the glass ceiling: When are women and racial/ethnic minorities promoted to CEO?.Strategic Management Journal,35(7), 1080-1089. Ettl, K., Welter, F. (2010). Gender, context and entrepreneurial learning.International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship,2(2), 108-129. Garay, L., Font, X. (2012). Doing good to do well? Corporate social responsibility reasons, practices and impacts in small and medium accommodation enterprises.International Journal of Hospitality Management,31(2), 329-337. Greenaway, N. (2015). It really IS a man's world: Campaign for #MoreWomen shows how empty top tables of global politics look when the men are Photoshopped out. Retrieved from https://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-3273982/Campaign-MoreWomen-shows-tables-global-politics-look-men-Photoshopped-out.html Grove, W. A., Hussey, A., Jetter, M. (2011). The gender pay gap beyond human capital heterogeneity in noncognitive skills and in labor market tastes.Journal of Human Resources,46(4), 827-874. Hilton, J. (2017). Is HR doing enough to address gender inequality?. Retrieved from https://www.hcamag.com/hr-business-review/leadership-development/is-hr-doing-enough-to-address-gender-inequality-244874.aspx Livsey, A. (2017). Australia's gender pay gap: why do women still earn less than men?. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/datablog/2017/oct/18/australia-gender-pay-gap-why-do-women-still-earn-less-than-men Milner, S., Gregory, A. (2014). Gender equality bargaining in France and the UK: An uphill struggle?.Journal of Industrial Relations,56(2), 246-263. Morand, D. A., Merriman, K. K. (2012). Equality theory as a counterbalance to equity theory in human resource management.Journal of Business Ethics,111(1), 133-144. Mortimer, C. (2018). Gender pay gap at more than 500 large organisations revealed. Retrieved from https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/gender-pay-gap-527-companies-data-publish-government-equal-pay-women-feminism-boardrooms-a8145866.html Niederle, M., Vesterlund, L. (2010). Explaining the gender gap in math test scores: The role of competition.Journal of Economic Perspectives,24(2), 129-44. OConnor, C. (2016). Apple Tops (Short) List Of Tech Companies Where Women Report Equal Treatment. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/clareoconnor/2016/03/11/apple-tops-short-list-of-tech-companies-where-women-report-equal-treatment/#2cf2393a571c Parcheta, N., Kaifi, B. A., Khanfar, N. M. (2013). Gender inequality in the workforce: A human resource management quandary.Journal of Business Studies Quarterly,4(3), 240. Peters, S. (2016). Companies With the Most (and Least) FemaleLeadership. Retrieved from https://247wallst.com/special-report/2016/06/23/companies-with-the-most-and-least-female-leadership/ Shen, J., Chanda, A., D'netto, B., Monga, M. (2009). Managing diversity through human resource management: An international perspective and conceptual framework.The International Journal of Human Resource Management,20(2), 235-251. Skiba, M., Rosenberg, S. (2011). The disutility of equity theory in contemporary management practice.The Journal of Business and Economic Studies,17(2), 1. Truss, C., Mankin, D., Kelliher, C. (2012).Strategic human resource management. England: Oxford University Press. World Economic Forum. (2017). The Global Gender Gap Report 2017. Retrieved from https://www.weforum.org/reports/the-global-gender-gap-report-2017

Of Boldness Essay Example For Students

Of Boldness Essay It is a trivial grammar-school text, but yet worthy a wise mans consideration. Question was asked of Demosthenes, what was the chief part of an orator? he answered, action: what next? action: what next again? action. He said it, that knew it best, and had, by nature, himself no advantage in that he commended. A strange thing, that that of an orator, which is but superficial and rather the virtue of a player, should be placed so high, above those other noble parts, of invention, elocution, and the rest; nay, almost alone, as if it were all in all. But the reason is plain. There is in human nature generally, more of the fool than of the wise; and therefore those faculties, by which the foolish part of mens minds is taken, are most potent. Wonderful like is the case of boldness in civil business: what first? boldness: what second and third? boldness. And yet boldness is a child of ignorance and baseness, far inferior to other parts. But nevertheless it doth fascinate, and bind hand and foot, those that are either shallow in judgment, or weak in courage, which are the greatest part; yea and prevaileth with wise men at weak times. Therefore we see it hath done wonders, in popular states; but with senates, and princes less; and more ever upon the first entrance of bold persons into action, than soon after; for boldness is an ill keeper of promise. Surely, as there are mountebanks for the natural body, so are there mountebanks for the politic body; men that undertake great cures, and perhaps have been lucky, in two or three experiments, but want the grounds of science, and therefore cannot hold out. Nay, you shall see a bold fellow many times do Mahomets miracle. Mahomet made the people believe that he would call an hill to him, and from the top of it offer up his prayers, for the observers of his law. The people assembled; Mahomet called the hill to come to him, again and again; and when the hill stood still, he was never a whit abashed, but said, If the hill will not come to Mahomet, Mahomet, will go to the hill. So these men, when they have promised great matters, and failed most shamefully, yet if they have the perfection of boldness they will but slight it over, and make a turn, and no more ado. Certainly to men of great judgment, bold persons are a sport to behold; nay, and to the vulgar also, boldness has somewhat of the ridiculous. For if absurdity be the subject of laughter, doubt you not but great boldness is seldom without some absurdity. Especially it is a sport to see, when a bold fellow is out of countenance; for that puts his face into a most shrunken, and wooden posture; as needs it must; for in bashfulness, the spirits do a little go and come; but with bold men, upon like occasion, they stand at a stay; like a stale at chess, where it is no mate, but yet the game cannot stir. But this last were fitter for a satire than for a serious observation. This is well to be weighed; that boldness is ever blind; for it seeth not danger, and inconveniences. Therefore it is ill in counsel, good in execution; so that the right use of bold persons is, that they never command in chief, but be seconds, and under the direction of others. For in counsel, it is good to see dangers; and in execution, not to see them, except they be very great.